# postproduction.studio

> Free, bilingual (English / French) reference for post-production professionals: cinematographers (DPs), Digital Imaging Technicians (DITs), independent producers, colorists, sound editors and post-production supervisors. 37 interactive browser-based tools, 208-term glossary, 49 in-depth articles, 25 visual diagrams. No login, no tracking, no ads.

Authoritative coverage: HDR mastering (HDR10, HDR10+, Dolby Vision, HLG), ACES color management, DaVinci Resolve workflows, codec selection, log encoding, LUT generation, audio loudness (LUFS, EBU R128, ATSC A/85), camera matching, DCP and IMF delivery, indie finishing, AI-assisted post-production.

Last updated: 2026-05-26

## Tools (37 free, browser-based)

- [LUT generator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/lut-generator): .cube LUTs for Rec.709, Rec.2020, HDR10, HLG, Dolby Vision with live preview.
- [LUT comparator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/lut-comparator): Compare up to 6 looks side by side on your image.
- [Color palette extractor](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/color-palette-extractor): Extract dominant colors + auto color theory variations.
- [Color space converter](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/color-space-converter): Rec.709 / Rec.2020 / DCI-P3 / sRGB conversions and chromaticity.
- [Log reference levels](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/log-reference-levels): IRE % and 10-bit code value for ARRI LogC3/C4, Sony S-Log3, V-Log, N-Log, BRAW, REDLogFilm, Cineon.
- [Color wheel generator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/color-wheel-generator): Generate complementary, triadic, tetradic, analogous palettes from a base color.
- [Bitrate calculator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/bitrate-calculator): Recommended bitrates by codec and platform.
- [Frame rate converter](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/framerate-converter): 23.976 / 24 / 25 / 29.97 / 30 / 50 / 59.94 / 60 fps with drop-frame.
- [Aspect ratio calculator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/aspect-ratio-calculator): 16:9, 2.39:1, 4:3, 9:16, custom — pixel-accurate.
- [Codec comparator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/codec-comparator): H.264 vs H.265 vs AV1 vs ProRes vs DNxHR side-by-side.
- [Codec decision tree](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/codec-decision-tree): Pick the right codec in a few questions.
- [Loudness calculator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/loudness-calculator): LUFS targets for streaming, broadcast, podcast (EBU R128, ATSC A/85).
- [Audio file size](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/audio-file-size): WAV/FLAC/ALAC sizes by sample rate, bit depth, channels.
- [SRT ↔ VTT converter](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/srt-vtt-converter): Bidirectional subtitle format conversion. Auto-detects source format.
- [Subtitle timing shifter](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/subtitle-timing-shifter): Shift all subtitle timecodes by a precise offset in seconds + ms.
- [MediaInfo parser](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/mediainfo-parser): Paste a MediaInfo dump — get a clean formatted analysis.
- [Storage calculator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/storage-calculator): Disk space needed for ProRes, H.265, raw, archive.
- [Render time estimator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/render-time-estimator): Estimate export time by codec, resolution, hardware.
- [FFmpeg command builder](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/ffmpeg-builder): Visual FFmpeg builder — 12 tasks, copy & paste.
- [Timecode calculator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/timecode-calculator): Add/subtract TC, drop-frame, frames ↔ TC conversion.
- [XML / AAF inspector](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/xml-aaf-inspector): Inspect FCP XMEML, FCPXML, Premiere XML, and Avid AAF files. Version, tracks, clips, duration.
- [Resolve project migrator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/resolve-migrator): Personalized checklist for migrating DaVinci Resolve projects across versions, machines, OS.
- [Render pass reference](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/render-pass-reference): Reference of 24 3D render passes: diffuse, specular, AO, Z-depth, Cryptomatte, motion vector, etc.
- [Camera sensor comparator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/camera-sensor): IMAX, ARRI LF, VENICE, Full Frame, S35, APS-C, MFT, iPhone.
- [Depth of field calculator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/depth-of-field): DOF, hyperfocal, near/far by sensor + focal + aperture.
- [Safe areas visualizer](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/safe-areas): Action safe 90%, title safe 80%, broadcast safe 93%, vertical formats.
- [Platform delivery specs](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/platform-specs): Netflix, Amazon, Apple TV+, YouTube, DCP, EBU, ATSC.
- [DCP naming generator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/dcp-naming): ISDCF v9 compliant cinema DCP names.
- [Subtitle validator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/subtitle-validator): SRT/VTT: CPS, duration, line length per Netflix/EBU.
- [Acronym Decoder](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/acronym-decoder): 60+ post-production acronyms explained: ACES, CDL, IDT/ODT, OCIO, LUT, IMF, DCP, DPX, EXR, AAF, EDL, LUFS, dBTP, PQ, HLG, HEVC, AV1.
- [HDR Nit Converter](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/hdr-nit-converter): Nits to PQ code, stops, HLG, SDR — HDR10/Dolby Vision references.
- [Color Space Explorer](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/color-space-explorer): Source camera to output — Resolve CST setup, LUTs, monitoring.
- [Camera Matching Tool](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/camera-matching): Match Sony FX3 + RED Komodo + BMPCC + ARRI Alexa — Resolve CST per camera.
- [Can my computer run Resolve?](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/resolve-compatibility): GPU + VRAM + RAM + CPU + codec + resolution + fps + tracks → verdict.
- [Postproduction Budget Estimator](https://postproduction.studio/en/tools/budget-estimator): Editing, sound, color, VFX, mastering, DCP, storage — by project type and tier.

## Glossary (208 terms)

Full list: https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary

Categories: HDR (HDR10, HDR10+, Dolby Vision, HLG, PQ, MaxCLL, MaxFALL, tone mapping, gamut mapping, nit), Resolve modern (CST, RCM, ACEScct, DaVinci Wide Gamut, node tree, qualifier, power window, fusion cache, render cache, smart bins), workflow (offline/online editing, conform, relink, EDL, AAF, IMF, turnover, QC, picture lock, mastering), DIT and data (DIT cart, checksum, MD5, offload, LTO, RAID, NAS, SAN, 10GbE), audio (LUFS, true peak, dialogue isolation, ADR, foley, room tone, stems, sidechain, multiband compression), camera and exposure (false color, ETTR, middle gray, base ISO, dual native ISO, log image, Cine EI), indie cinema (guerrilla, festival master, low budget, fast turnaround, cloud postproduction), AI and automation (AI upscaling, AI denoise, frame interpolation, auto transcription, generative fill).

- [10GbE](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/10gbe): 10 Gigabit Ethernet — copper or fiber network providing ~1 GB/s peak throughput.
- [1D LUT](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/1d-lut): A 1D LUT (one-dimensional Look-Up Table) maps individual input values for red, green or blue channels to new output values, applied independently per channel.
- [3D LUT](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/3d-lut): A 3D LUT (three-dimensional Look-Up Table) is a volumetric grid that maps any combination of input red, green and blue values to a new output RGB triplet.
- [AAF](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/aaf): Advanced Authoring Format — a richer interchange format than EDL, used heavily for audio mix turnover (Pro Tools) and online editing in Avid pipelines.
- [ACES (Academy Color Encoding System)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/aces-academy-color-encoding-system): ACES (Academy Color Encoding System) is a color management framework developed by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to provide a single, device-independent color pipeline from camera capture through visu…
- [ACEScct](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/acescct): An ACES working color space designed for color grading.
- [Adaptive bitrate (ABR)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/adaptive-bitrate): Streaming technique that switches between multiple bitrate renditions in real-time based on the viewer bandwidth.
- [ADR](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/adr-replacement): Automated Dialogue Replacement — re-recording of dialogue in a studio when production audio is unusable.
- [AI conform](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/ai-conform): AI-assisted relinking and reconforming of timelines using image content rather than just metadata — useful when EDL/XML is lost or when matching shots across multiple cameras or formats.
- [AI denoise](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/ai-denoise): AI-based noise reduction trained on clean/noisy image pairs (Topaz Video AI, Neat Video, Resolve Neural Engine).
- [AI dialogue cleanup](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/ai-dialogue-cleanup): AI removal of noise, reverb, mouth sounds from dialogue (RX Voice De-Noise, Adobe Enhance Speech, Resolve Voice Isolation).
- [AI upscaling](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/ai-upscaling): Using neural networks (Topaz Video AI, Resolve Super Scale, Gigapixel) to increase the resolution of footage beyond native sampling — useful for SD→HD, HD→4K, or up-resolving archival material.
- [Alpha Channel](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/alpha-channel): An alpha channel is an extra image channel — beyond the standard red, green and blue — that encodes per-pixel transparency information, ranging from fully opaque (alpha = 1.0 or 255) to fully transparent (alpha = 0).
- [Ambience](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/ambience): Ambience (or atmosphere, 'atmos') is the background sound layer that establishes the acoustic environment of a scene — the room tone of an interior, the wind and distant traffic of an exterior, the crowd murmur of a r…
- [Archiving](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/archiving): Archiving in post-production is the systematic preservation of completed productions and associated assets for long-term retention, ranging from a few years (for routine corporate work) to decades or longer (for theat…
- [Aspect Ratio](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/aspect-ratio): Aspect ratio is the proportional relationship between the width and height of an image or video frame, expressed as width:height or as a decimal.
- [Assembly Cut](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/assembly-cut): The assembly cut (sometimes called the editor's assembly or first cut) is the earliest version of an edit, where every selected take is placed in roughly the correct script order without yet shaping rhythm, pacing or …
- [Auto transcription](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/auto-transcription): AI-generated text transcripts from audio (Whisper, Resolve Transcribe, Adobe Speech to Text).
- [B-Roll](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/b-roll): B-roll is supplemental footage that complements the primary A-roll (typically interviews, dialogue scenes, main action), used to illustrate context, cover edits, establish location, transition between scenes, or simpl…
- [Base ISO](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/base-iso): The native sensitivity of a camera sensor at which it delivers maximum dynamic range and lowest noise.
- [Bit Depth](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/bit-depth): Bit depth is the number of bits used to represent each color channel of each pixel in a digital image.
- [Bitrate](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/bitrate): Bitrate is the rate at which encoded data is transmitted or stored per unit of time, expressed in bits per second (bps), kilobits per second (kbps) or megabits per second (Mbps).
- [Black Point](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/black-point): The black point of an image, color space or display is the darkest reproducible value — the luminance level at which signal can go no darker, corresponding to the deepest shadow detail before crushing into pure black.
- [Broadcast safe](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/broadcast-safe): Conformity to broadcast technical limits (typically Rec.709, 100% saturation max, -1 dBTP audio peak, -23 LUFS) so the master plays without legal/technical violations on TV networks.
- [Bus routing](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/bus-routing): Sending multiple audio tracks into a single sub-mix (bus) for collective processing (EQ, compression, reverb).
- [CDL (Color Decision List)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/cdl-color-decision-list): The ASC CDL (American Society of Cinematographers Color Decision List) is a vendor-neutral color metadata format that captures basic primary color corrections in a portable, interchange-friendly way.
- [CGI (Computer Generated Imagery)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/cgi-computer-generated-imagery): CGI (Computer-Generated Imagery) is the broad term for any visual content created entirely or substantially within a computer rather than captured by camera — distinct from VFX which broadly covers all visual enhancem…
- [Checksum](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/checksum): A hash value (MD5, xxHash, SHA-1) computed over a file to verify bit-perfect copies.
- [Chroma Key](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/chroma-key): Chroma key is a compositing technique that isolates a foreground subject from a uniformly-colored background — almost always green or blue — by treating that color as transparent.
- [Chroma Subsampling](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/chroma-subsampling): Chroma subsampling is a bandwidth-saving technique that reduces the resolution of color (chroma) information while keeping the brightness (luma) at full resolution, exploiting the human visual system's lower sensitivi…
- [Chrominance](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/chrominance): Chrominance is the color information of an image signal, separated from luminance (brightness).
- [Cine EI](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/cine-ei): An exposure mode on Sony cinema cameras (Venice, FX9, FX6, BURANO) where Exposure Index can differ from base ISO.
- [Clipping](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/clipping): Clipping occurs when image values are recorded or rendered beyond what the medium or signal range can represent, causing irreversible loss of detail at the extremes.
- [Cloud postproduction](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/cloud-postproduction): Hosting media, projects and processing in cloud infrastructure (AWS, GCP, dedicated providers like BeBop, Bidstack, Sohonet) — enabling distributed teams, scalable rendering, and zero on-premise hardware.
- [Codec](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/codec): A codec (compressor-decompressor) is a hardware device or software algorithm that encodes and decodes a digital audio or video stream.
- [Cold storage](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/cold-storage): Long-term offline archive — typically LTO tapes stored on shelves or in climate-controlled vaults, or cloud archive tiers (Glacier, Deep Archive).
- [Color Cast](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/color-cast): A color cast is an unintended, often unwanted color shift affecting an entire image or substantial portion of it, where what should appear neutral (gray, white) instead carries a tint toward red, green, blue, magenta …
- [Color Correction](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/color-correction): Color correction is the technical first pass of post-production color work, focused on fixing problems rather than creating a look.
- [Color Grading](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/color-grading): Color grading is the creative process of shaping the visual tone, mood and atmosphere of a film, series or commercial by manipulating color, contrast, saturation and lightness.
- [Color Management](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/color-management): Color management is the discipline of maintaining accurate, predictable color representation across every step of the post-production pipeline — from camera capture through editorial, VFX, grading, mastering and final…
- [Color Space](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/color-space): A color space is a mathematical model that defines a specific gamut of colors using three components — typically primaries (red, green, blue), a white point, and a transfer function relating signal values to luminance.
- [Color Temperature](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/color-temperature): Color temperature is the chromaticity of a light source, measured in Kelvin (K), describing where on the black-body radiator curve the light's color matches.
- [Compositing](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/compositing): Compositing is the digital combination of multiple visual elements — live-action plates, CGI, matte paintings, particles, atmospheric effects — into a single seamless frame.
- [Conform](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/conform): The process of relinking offline edit decisions (XML/AAF/EDL) to original camera files and recreating the timeline in the online/grading suite.
- [Conformation (Conform)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/conformation-conform): Conform (or conformation) is the post-production step that reassembles an editorial cut using the original high-resolution master files, replacing the lower-quality proxy or offline media that the editor worked with.
- [Container Format](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/container-format): A container format (sometimes called a wrapper) is a file structure that holds one or more streams of media — video, audio, subtitles, metadata, chapter markers, timecode — bundled together, independent of the codecs …
- [CST (Color Space Transform)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/cst-color-space-transform): The Color Space Transform plugin in Resolve (DCTL) that converts between input and output color spaces and gammas.
- [Dailies](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dailies): Dailies (also called rushes) are the lightly-processed daily output from the camera, prepared overnight (or close to it) and delivered to director, cinematographer, editor and production for review the day after a shoot.
- [DaVinci Wide Gamut (DWG)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/davinci-wide-gamut): A wide-gamut working color space designed by Blackmagic, larger than Rec.2020 and ACES AP1.
- [DCI-P3](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dci-p3): DCI-P3 is the color space defined by Digital Cinema Initiatives (DCI) for theatrical projection and the standard reproduction target in digital cinema.
- [DCP](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dcp): A DCP (Digital Cinema Package) is the standardized file delivery format for theatrical projection in commercial cinemas worldwide.
- [De-esser](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/de-esser): A frequency-selective compressor that tames sibilance (s, sh, t consonants) in vocal recordings.
- [Deinterlacing](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/deinterlacing): Deinterlacing is the process of converting interlaced video — where each frame is composed of two alternating fields capturing different moments in time — into progressive video where each frame is captured at a singl…
- [Deliverables](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/deliverables): The set of files required by a broadcaster, distributor or platform at end of post (master, HDR/SDR versions, audio stems, subtitles, captions, metadata sheets, technical QC sheets).
- [Dialogue Editing](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dialogue-editing): Dialogue editing is the technical and creative process of preparing recorded dialogue for the mix, organizing all production sound and ADR into a clean, intelligible track ready for mixing.
- [Dialogue isolation](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dialogue-isolation): Separating dialogue from background sound using AI (RX Voice De-Noise, Resolve Voice Isolation) or manual processing.
- [Display-referred](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/display-referred): A color workflow where values map directly to a target display range (e.g.
- [DIT (Digital Imaging Technician)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dit-digital-imaging-technician): The DIT (Digital Imaging Technician) is the on-set crew member responsible for managing the integrity of the digital image pipeline from camera to dailies, including media management, image quality assurance, color re…
- [DIT cart](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dit-cart): A mobile workstation used on set by the Digital Imaging Technician for backup, transcoding, syncing, and quality-checking camera media.
- [DNxHD / DNxHR](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dnxhd-dnxhr): Avid DNxHD (HD) and DNxHR (resolution-independent successor) are intra-frame mastering codecs developed by Avid Technology, functionally equivalent to Apple ProRes and used heavily in Avid Media Composer-centric post-…
- [Dolby Atmos](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dolby-atmos): Dolby Atmos is an object-based audio format developed by Dolby Laboratories that breaks from traditional channel-based mixing (5.1, 7.1) by treating sounds as independent objects positioned in three-dimensional space …
- [Dolby Vision](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dolby-vision): Dolby Vision is a proprietary HDR format developed by Dolby Laboratories that combines a high-luminance PQ transfer function (up to 10,000 nits, though displays cap lower), 12-bit color depth, and dynamic metadata tha…
- [Drop Frame Timecode](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/drop-frame-timecode): Drop-frame timecode (DF) is a counting convention that solves a specific arithmetic problem in NTSC video: the actual frame rate is 29.97 fps (or 23.976 in film-pulldown contexts), not exactly 30.
- [Dual native ISO](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dual-native-iso): A camera with two physical native ISO circuits, switching between them depending on exposure.
- [DWG Intermediate](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dwg-intermediate): The logarithmic transfer function paired with DaVinci Wide Gamut.
- [Dynamic range (camera)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/dynamic-range-camera): The ratio between the brightest and darkest tones a camera can capture without clipping, measured in stops.
- [EDL](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/edl): Edit Decision List — a flat text file (CMX 3600) listing every cut in a sequence with source/record timecodes.
- [EI workflow](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/ei-workflow): An exposure workflow where the operator monitors at one ISO (Exposure Index) but the camera records at its native sensitivity.
- [EOTF (Electro-Optical Transfer Function)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/eotf-electro-optical-transfer-function): The EOTF (Electro-Optical Transfer Function) is the mathematical curve that converts an encoded signal value (electrical) into a displayed luminance value (optical) on a screen.
- [ETTR (Expose To The Right)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/ettr): An exposure strategy that maximizes shadow signal-to-noise ratio by exposing as bright as possible without clipping highlights.
- [EXR (OpenEXR)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/exr-openexr): OpenEXR (.exr) is the high-dynamic-range image format developed by Industrial Light & Magic in 1999 and now maintained by the Academy Software Foundation as the de facto industry standard for VFX and CG image intercha…
- [False color](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/false-color): A monitoring mode that overlays color-coded exposure zones on the image (typically: blue=shadows, green=mids/skin, yellow/orange=highlights, red=clipping).
- [Fast turnaround](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/fast-turnaround): A delivery timeline measured in hours to days rather than weeks — common in commercials, news, social content, and indie festival submissions.
- [Festival master](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/festival-master): A delivery master meeting festival technical specs — DCP (2K/4K, JPEG2000), sometimes ProRes 422 HQ master.
- [Final Cut](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/final-cut): Final cut is the picture-locked, fully revised version of an edit, approved by all decision-makers, from which downstream finishing departments (color, VFX, sound, music) work to completed deliverables.
- [Foley](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/foley): Foley is the post-production technique of creating sound effects in performance — a foley artist watches the picture and acts out the physical sounds the characters or objects produce, recorded synchronously in a dedi…
- [Frame interpolation](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/frame-interpolation): Generating intermediate frames between existing ones to increase frame rate or smooth slow motion.
- [Frame Rate](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/frame-rate): Frame rate (often abbreviated fps) is the frequency at which consecutive still images are captured, encoded or displayed to produce the illusion of motion.
- [Fusion cache](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/fusion-cache): A render cache specific to the Fusion compositing page in Resolve.
- [Gamma](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/gamma): Gamma is the non-linear relationship between input signal values and output luminance in image encoding, originally derived from the response curve of cathode-ray tube displays and retained in modern digital workflows…
- [Gamut](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/gamut): Gamut is the complete range of colors that a device, color space, or imaging system can capture, encode or reproduce, typically visualized as a triangle on a CIE 1931 xy chromaticity diagram.
- [Gamut mapping](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/gamut-mapping): Compressing or remapping out-of-gamut colors when converting between color spaces (e.g.
- [Generative fill (video)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/generative-fill-video): AI tools that fill in missing image regions in motion — rig removal, object removal, set extension (Runway, Pika, Adobe Generative Fill in After Effects).
- [Guerrilla filmmaking](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/guerrilla-filmmaking): Low-budget, fast, often unpermitted filmmaking approach prioritizing speed, small crews, available light, and improvisation.
- [H.264 (AVC)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/h-264-avc): H.264, also known as MPEG-4 Part 10 or Advanced Video Coding (AVC), is the most widely deployed video codec in history, used in everything from Blu-ray discs and broadcast television to YouTube, social media, video co…
- [H.265 (HEVC)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/h-265-hevc): H.265, also known as HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) or MPEG-H Part 2, is the successor to H.264, designed to achieve roughly twice the compression efficiency at the same visual quality.
- [Handles](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/handles): Handles are extra frames of media retained before the in-point and after the out-point of every clip in a sequence, typically requested as a fixed duration like 24 frames (1 second at 24fps) or 48 frames (2 seconds).
- [HDR (High Dynamic Range)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/hdr-high-dynamic-range): HDR (High Dynamic Range) is a family of imaging technologies that captures, processes and displays a wider range of luminance and color than the SDR (Standard Dynamic Range) Rec.709 standard.
- [HDR mastering](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/hdr-mastering): The process of producing the final HDR master of a film or program, including color grading on a calibrated HDR display (PQ or HLG), authoring deliverables for HDR10, HDR10+ or Dolby Vision, and generating the SDR tri…
- [HDR monitoring](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/hdr-monitoring): Using a calibrated HDR display (FSI, Sony BVM, Eizo, LG OLED Pro) to view images during grading or QC.
- [HDR trim pass](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/hdr-trim-pass): A secondary grade that adjusts the HDR master to produce the SDR (Rec.709) deliverable.
- [HDR10](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/hdr10): HDR10 is the open, royalty-free HDR specification co-developed by the Consumer Technology Association and adopted by virtually every HDR-capable consumer display, Blu-ray Disc Association, streaming platform and HDR-c…
- [HDR10+](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/hdr10-plus): An open-standard HDR format extending HDR10 with dynamic per-scene metadata (similar to Dolby Vision but royalty-free).
- [Highlight clipping](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/highlight-clipping): When highlight values exceed the sensor maximum capacity and saturate to white — losing all detail in that area.
- [Highlight recovery](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/highlight-recovery): A grading or RAW processing technique that reconstructs information in clipped highlights using the channels that are not saturated.
- [HLG (Hybrid Log-Gamma)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/hlg): A relative HDR transfer function (BT.2100) designed for broadcast — backwards-compatible with SDR displays.
- [IMF (format)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/imf-format): Interoperable Master Format — SMPTE ST 2067 standard packaging format used for delivering finished masters to studios, streamers and broadcasters.
- [IMF package](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/imf-package): Interoperable Master Format — an SMPTE standard for distributing finished masters as componentized packages (CPL, audio, subtitles, images) consumed by Netflix, Disney+, broadcasters, and post houses.
- [In-point / Out-point](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/in-point-out-point): In-point and out-point (often abbreviated In/Out, source-in/source-out, or just I and O) are the timeline markers that define the start and end of a media clip's usable region for editing.
- [Indie finishing](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/indie-finishing): End-to-end post-production on a constrained budget: smaller post house or self-produced grade/mix, fewer iterations, optimized deliverables — yet meeting festival and platform technical standards.
- [Interlaced Video](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/interlaced-video): Interlaced video is a legacy encoding model where each frame is split into two fields — odd-numbered horizontal lines (the 'upper' field) and even-numbered horizontal lines (the 'lower' field) — captured at different …
- [JBOD](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/jbod): Just a Bunch of Disks — multiple drives presented individually without RAID redundancy.
- [Keying](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/keying): Keying is the broader VFX practice of generating a matte (transparency mask) that isolates a foreground element from its background or context, enabling clean compositing.
- [Layer mixer](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/layer-mixer): A Resolve node that combines multiple inputs using blend modes (normal, multiply, screen, overlay) and per-layer opacity.
- [Linear Light](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/linear-light): Linear light is the encoding model in which signal values are directly proportional to actual scene luminance — twice the recorded value means twice the actual light from the scene.
- [Log image](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/log-image): An image encoded with a logarithmic transfer function (S-Log, LogC, V-Log, Log3G10, C-Log, D-Log) that preserves wide dynamic range in limited bit-depth.
- [Logarithmic (Log) Curve](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/logarithmic-log-curve): A logarithmic (log) curve is a nonlinear transfer function used by digital cinema cameras to encode their full dynamic range into a limited number of code values (typically 10-bit, sometimes 12-bit) without clipping o…
- [Loudness](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/loudness): Loudness is the perceived volume of audio content, distinct from peak amplitude (which measures the largest sample value but does not correlate with how loud the audio feels to the listener).
- [Loudness normalization](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/loudness-normalization): Automatic adjustment of program loudness to a target LUFS during streaming/playback.
- [Low budget workflow](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/low-budget-workflow): A workflow optimized for cost: BRAW or H.265 over RAW formats, in-the-box VFX, Resolve (free) for color/edit/fusion, ProRes 422 proxies, cloud collaboration to skip per-day suites.
- [LTO (Linear Tape-Open)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/lto): Magnetic tape backup format.
- [LUFS](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/lufs): LUFS (Loudness Units relative to Full Scale, sometimes called LKFS in the older ITU standard) is the measurement unit for integrated loudness — the perceived volume of audio content averaged over its duration, weighte…
- [Luminance](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/luminance): Luminance is the photometric measure of perceived brightness, expressed in candelas per square meter (cd/m²) or nits in display contexts.
- [LUT](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/lut): A LUT (Look-Up Table) is a mathematical mapping from input pixel values to output pixel values, used throughout post-production to transform colors, apply creative looks, simulate output devices, or convert between co…
- [Mask](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/mask): A mask in post-production is a black-and-white image (or grayscale, for soft edges) that defines which regions of an image are affected by an operation and which are not.
- [Mastering](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/mastering): Mastering is the final technical preparation step that converts an approved edit and grade into the deliverable formats required by each distribution platform — theatrical DCP, streaming HDR and SDR, broadcast IMF, Bl…
- [Matchmove](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/matchmove): Matchmove is the VFX process of reconstructing the 3D camera motion of a live-action shot so that computer-generated elements can be added in correct perspective alignment.
- [Matte](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/matte): A matte is a mask used specifically in compositing to define the opaque and transparent regions of a foreground element, allowing it to be combined with a background.
- [MaxCLL](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/maxcll): Maximum Content Light Level — the brightest pixel value (in nits) anywhere in the program.
- [MaxFALL](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/maxfall): Maximum Frame Average Light Level — the highest average luminance of any single frame in the program, in nits.
- [MD5 verification](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/md5-verification): A 128-bit hash function used to verify file integrity after copying.
- [Mezzanine File](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/mezzanine-file): A mezzanine file is an intermediate-quality master format used for post-production work that sits between the original camera capture (often RAW or lightly compressed log) and the final compressed delivery file.
- [Middle gray](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/middle-gray): The 18% reflectance reference patch — historically the calibration anchor for exposure meters.
- [Mixing (Audio)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/mixing-audio): Audio mixing is the final stage of sound post-production where dialogue, music, effects and ambience are blended and processed into the final audio deliverable, balancing levels, panning sources spatially, applying EQ…
- [Motion Blur](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/motion-blur): Motion blur is the apparent streaking of moving objects within a single frame, caused by movement during the exposure interval of the camera or rendering.
- [Multiband compression](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/multiband-compression): Compression applied to separate frequency bands independently — controls problematic ranges (boomy lows, harsh highs) without affecting the rest.
- [NAS](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/nas): Network Attached Storage — file-level shared storage on the local network (SMB/NFS).
- [Nearline storage](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/nearline-storage): Fast-access secondary storage between online (active editing) and cold archive — typically NAS or SAN with 10–100 TB used for current and recent projects accessed weekly.
- [Netflix delivery](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/netflix-delivery): The strict specifications Netflix requires for original content delivery: IMF package, ProRes 4444 XQ or J2K, 10-bit 4:2:2 minimum, specific loudness, captions, multi-language.
- [Nit](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/nit): A unit of luminance equal to one candela per square meter (cd/m²).
- [Node tree](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/node-tree): The visual node graph in the Color page of Resolve.
- [Node-based Compositing](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/node-based-compositing): Node-based compositing is the workflow architecture used by professional compositing tools (Nuke, Flame, Fusion, Natron) where image operations are represented as connected nodes in a directed graph rather than stacke…
- [Noise Reduction](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/noise-reduction): Noise reduction in post-production refers to algorithms that suppress unwanted random variations in pixel values — typically caused by high ISO sensor noise, low-light capture or aggressive grain in film scans — while…
- [Non-Linear Editing (NLE)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/non-linear-editing-nle): Non-linear editing (NLE) is the digital editing methodology that allows any frame to be accessed instantly without sequentially scrolling through tape, fundamentally enabling all modern post-production.
- [NVMe cache](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/nvme-cache): A fast solid-state cache (NVMe over PCIe) layered between slow archival storage and active workstations.
- [Object-based Audio](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/object-based-audio): Object-based audio is the audio paradigm in which sounds are stored as discrete objects with associated 3D spatial metadata, rather than mixed down to fixed channels.
- [ODT (Output Device Transform)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/odt-output-device-transform): An ODT (Output Device Transform) is the final stage of the ACES color pipeline, a transform that converts working-space color data into the specific output color space and transfer function required by a delivery target.
- [OETF (Opto-Electronic Transfer Function)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/oetf-opto-electronic-transfer-function): The OETF (Opto-Electronic Transfer Function) is the encoding side of a transfer function chain: the mathematical curve that converts scene luminance (optical input from a camera sensor or rendered linear light) into a…
- [Offline Editing](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/offline-editing): Offline editing is the creative editorial phase where the editor assembles the story using lightweight proxy or low-resolution media, rather than the original high-resolution camera files.
- [Offload](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/offload): The process of copying camera media (CFexpress, SxS, SSD) to a verified backup.
- [OMF (Open Media Framework)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/omf-open-media-framework): OMF (Open Media Framework, sometimes called OMFI) is an older editorial interchange format developed by Avid in the early 1990s, designed like AAF to carry both essence and edit metadata between systems but with a sim…
- [Online Editing](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/online-editing): Online editing is the technical conform and finishing phase that follows offline editorial, in which the proxy-based cut is reassembled against the original high-resolution master files and finalized for delivery.
- [OpenColorIO (OCIO)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/opencolorio-ocio): OpenColorIO (OCIO) is an open-source color management framework originally developed by Sony Pictures Imageworks and now maintained by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as an Academy Software Foundation …
- [Optical Flow](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/optical-flow): Optical flow is the per-pixel motion vector field that describes how each pixel in one frame moves to its position in the next frame, used as the foundation for retiming, frame interpolation, motion blur synthesis, de…
- [Optimized media](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/optimized-media): An automatic transcode-on-import feature in Resolve that creates lower-bitrate proxies (ProRes 422 or DNxHR) used during editing or grading to lighten GPU load.
- [OTT](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/ott-streaming): Over-The-Top — content delivered directly to viewers over the internet, bypassing traditional broadcast/cable infrastructure.
- [Parallel node](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/parallel-node): A Resolve node structure where multiple branches process the same input simultaneously and combine additively.
- [Picture Lock](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/picture-lock): Picture lock is the formal milestone in editorial where the director and editor agree that no further changes will be made to the cut.
- [Pipeline](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/pipeline): A pipeline in post-production is the structured sequence of processes, tools and data flows that takes a project from acquisition through to final delivery.
- [Plate](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/plate): A plate in VFX terminology is the original camera footage destined for compositing — typically without any VFX work yet applied — that serves as the base layer onto which CGI, additional elements and effects will be c…
- [Power Window](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/power-window): A power window is a geometric mask (typically a circle, rectangle, polygon or bezier shape) drawn directly on a frame in a color grading tool, used to isolate a spatial region for localized grading.
- [PQ (Perceptual Quantizer)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/pq-perceptual-quantizer): PQ (Perceptual Quantizer), standardized as SMPTE ST 2084 and used in HDR10, HDR10+ and Dolby Vision, is an electro-optical transfer function (EOTF) designed by Dolby that maps 10-bit or 12-bit signal values to absolut…
- [PQ curve](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/pq-curve): Perceptual Quantizer (ST.2084) — the absolute transfer function used for HDR10 and Dolby Vision.
- [Primary Color Grading](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/primary-color-grading): Primary color grading is the first creative phase of grading, in which the colorist establishes the overall tonal character of each shot by adjusting parameters applied to the entire frame at once.
- [Progressive Video](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/progressive-video): Progressive video (often denoted with a lowercase 'p' as in 720p, 1080p, 4Kp) is the modern video encoding model where each frame is a complete sample of the scene at one instant in time, with all horizontal lines cap…
- [ProRes](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/prores): Apple ProRes is a family of lossy intra-frame video codecs developed by Apple and used as the de facto mezzanine standard for post-production workflows in editorial, color grading, VFX and finishing.
- [Proxy](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/proxy): Proxy files are lower-resolution, lower-bitrate copies of original camera or mastering footage, used to enable smooth playback and editing on hardware that cannot handle the originals in real time.
- [Proxy workflow](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/proxy-workflow): An editing workflow where heavy original media (ARRIRAW, REDCODE, 8K) is transcoded to lightweight proxies (ProRes Proxy, DNxHR LB) for editing, then relinked to originals for finishing.
- [Pulldown (3:2)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/pulldown-3-2): 3:2 pulldown (also called 2:3 pulldown) is the technique used to display 24fps film content on 60Hz video systems by repeating film frames in a 3:2 pattern.
- [QC (Quality Control)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/qc-quality-control): QC (Quality Control) is the structured validation of post-production deliverables against technical specifications and quality standards before final delivery to client or distribution platform.
- [QC pass](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/qc-pass): Quality Control review — frame-accurate inspection of a final master for technical defects (compression artifacts, audio sync, captions, levels) before delivery.
- [Qualifier](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/qualifier): A qualifier (often HSL qualifier) is a color-grading tool that isolates pixels in an image based on their color characteristics — Hue, Saturation and Luminance — generating a matte that constrains subsequent grading t…
- [RAID 5/6/10](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/raid): Storage redundancy levels: RAID 5 = 1 disk failure tolerance via parity; RAID 6 = 2 disks via double parity; RAID 10 = mirrored stripes (fast, half capacity).
- [RAW Video](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/raw-video): RAW video refers to footage captured directly from a digital cinema camera's image sensor with minimal in-camera processing — typically just bayer sensor data with metadata describing white balance, ISO and color matr…
- [Rec.2020](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/rec-2020): Rec.
- [Rec.709](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/rec-709): Rec.
- [Reel](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/reel): A reel is a discrete chunk of a film organized for production, editorial, screening and archive purposes — historically the physical reel of celluloid that fit on a projector spool (about 11 minutes at 35mm 24fps stan…
- [Relink](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/relink): Reconnecting timeline clips to their underlying media files (often after media moves, proxies to originals, or project reopens) so playback and rendering resume.
- [Remote collaboration](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/remote-collaboration): Post-production workflows enabling editors, colorists, sound mixers and clients to work together from different locations — via Frame.io, Evercast, Sohonet ClearView, Resolve cloud project, or remote desktop.
- [Render cache](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/render-cache): A background render of timeline segments to disk in Resolve to enable smooth playback.
- [Render Farm](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/render-farm): A render farm is a network of computers dedicated to running rendering and computation jobs in parallel, used in VFX and animation to produce sequences in reasonable time despite the per-frame cost of high-quality ren…
- [Rendering](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/rendering): Rendering is the computational process of producing 2D image frames from a 3D scene description, simulating the propagation of light through the scene to determine each pixel's final color.
- [Resolution](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/resolution): Resolution in post-production refers to the pixel dimensions of an image or video signal, typically expressed as horizontal × vertical pixel count.
- [Resolve Color Management (RCM)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/rcm): The built-in color management system in Resolve.
- [RGB Parade](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/rgb-parade): The RGB parade is a three-column waveform display showing the red, green and blue channels of a video signal side-by-side, each plotted as an independent waveform across the horizontal frame width.
- [Roll-off](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/roll-off): A smooth compression curve applied to highlights (or shadows) to prevent harsh clipping.
- [Room tone](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/room-tone): A few seconds of silent ambient recording from each location, captured during production for use in dialogue editing — fills cuts and gaps to maintain consistent background.
- [Rotoscoping](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/rotoscoping): Rotoscoping (or 'roto') is the practice of manually drawing or refining mattes frame by frame to isolate subjects in a shot, typically when chroma keying or other automatic methods fail.
- [Rough Cut](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/rough-cut): The rough cut is the intermediate editorial stage between the bloated assembly and the polished fine cut, where the editor compresses the material to roughly final length while shaping the narrative spine.
- [SAN](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/san): Storage Area Network — block-level shared storage over Fibre Channel or iSCSI.
- [Scene-referred](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/scene-referred): A color workflow where image values represent the actual light captured by the camera (linear scene radiance).
- [SDR (Standard Dynamic Range)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/sdr-standard-dynamic-range): SDR (Standard Dynamic Range) is the historical and still-dominant video specification, defined by Rec.709 for HD and Rec.601 for SD, with peak luminance assumed at 100 nits, gamma 2.4 transfer function (BT.1886), and …
- [SDR downconversion](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/sdr-downconversion): Producing an SDR (Rec.709) deliverable from an HDR master via tone mapping.
- [Secondary Color Grading](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/secondary-color-grading): Secondary color grading is the layer of grading work that applies adjustments to selected portions of a frame — by color, by spatial region, or by both — rather than to the entire image like primary grading.
- [Set Extension](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/set-extension): Set extension is the VFX technique of extending a physical set built for camera with digital architecture, environment or detail beyond what was constructed.
- [Sidechain](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/sidechain): A signal flow where one track triggers a processor on another (kick triggers compressor on bass, ducking music under dialogue).
- [Smart bins](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/smart-bins): Dynamic bins in Resolve that auto-populate based on metadata filters (camera, shoot date, scene, take, keyword).
- [Sound Design](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/sound-design): Sound design is the creative discipline of conceiving, creating and arranging the sonic landscape of a film or television production — distinct from sound editing (which works with recorded production audio) and from …
- [Sound Effects (SFX)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/sound-effects-sfx): Sound effects (SFX, or 'hard effects' to distinguish from softer foley) are recorded or designed sounds that accompany specific visual events in a film — explosions, gunshots, vehicle sounds, weather, mechanical opera…
- [Spectral repair](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/spectral-repair): Surgical removal of unwanted sounds (clicks, mouth noise, sirens, beeps) by editing the audio spectrogram directly.
- [Stem (Audio)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/stem-audio): An audio stem is a sub-mix of related audio elements grouped for delivery to subsequent processing or distribution.
- [Streaming mezzanine](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/streaming-mezzanine): A high-quality intermediate master delivered to streaming services that they re-encode into adaptive bitrate ladders.
- [Stringout](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/stringout): An assembly of relevant takes or sequences pulled from rushes — typically organized by scene, character or theme — used by editors and directors to evaluate material before fine-cutting.
- [Surround Sound (5.1 / 7.1)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/surround-sound-5-1-7-1): Surround sound describes audio formats that distribute audio across multiple speakers arranged around the listener, creating a spatial soundfield that goes beyond stereo's left-right axis.
- [Timecode](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/timecode): Timecode is the numeric label given to every frame of video or film, providing the temporal coordinate system that synchronizes picture, audio, metadata and all downstream operations across post-production.
- [Tone Mapping](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/tone-mapping): Tone mapping is the algorithmic compression of a high-dynamic-range image into a smaller dynamic range for display, preserving as much perceived detail as possible despite the substantial luminance reduction.
- [Tracking](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/tracking): Tracking in post-production is the analysis of motion within a shot to follow specific features, regions or surfaces across frames, used for everything from stabilization to compositing to color grading.
- [Tracking (Resolve)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/tracking-resolve): Automatic motion tracking in Resolve for Power Windows.
- [Transcode](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/transcode): To transcode is to convert media from one codec, container or set of parameters to another — for example converting H.265 streaming files to ProRes 422 HQ for editorial, or converting ARRI RAW to DNxHR for offline pro…
- [True peak](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/true-peak): Sample-accurate measurement of inter-sample peaks (dBTP).
- [Turnover](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/turnover): Turnover is the formal handoff from editorial to downstream finishing departments (color, sound, VFX, music) once picture lock is achieved, accompanied by a comprehensive package of files and paperwork that synchroniz…
- [Vectorscope](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/vectorscope): A vectorscope is a color analysis scope that plots the chrominance content of a video signal in a polar diagram, displaying hue as angular position and saturation as radial distance from the center.
- [Versioning](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/versioning): Versioning is the discipline of generating and managing multiple variants of a finished program for different territories, platforms, audiences and technical specifications, while keeping a single conformed master as …
- [Visual Effects (VFX)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/visual-effects-vfx): Visual effects (VFX) is the discipline of creating, manipulating or enhancing imagery outside the context of live-action photography — typically in post-production but increasingly extending into virtual production st…
- [Waveform Monitor](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/waveform-monitor): A waveform monitor is the primary scope used in color grading and quality control to display the luminance distribution of a video signal across the horizontal width of the frame.
- [White Balance](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/white-balance): White balance is the process of calibrating image data so that white objects in a scene render as neutral white in the recorded image, regardless of the color temperature of the light illuminating them.
- [XML (Extensible Markup Language)](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/xml-extensible-markup-language): XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a structured text format used throughout post-production to carry editorial decisions, color metadata, captioning and project exchange between disparate software tools.
- [XML roundtrip](https://postproduction.studio/en/glossary/xml-roundtrip): An interchange workflow where a timeline is exported as XML (FCPXML, Premiere XML) from one NLE, imported into another for grading or VFX, then re-imported with changes — preserving cuts, effects, and metadata.

## Reference articles (49 in-depth)

### Fundamentals — post-production principles, workflows, professions

- [What Is Post Production](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/what-is-post-production)
- [Workflows And Pipelines](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/workflows-and-pipelines)
- [Capture Formats](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/capture-formats)
- [Delivery Formats](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/delivery-formats)
- [Professions](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/professions)
- [History And Evolution](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/history-and-evolution)
- [Standards And Compliance](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/standards-and-compliance)
- [Budgeting And Project Management](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/budgeting-and-project-management)
- [Offline And Online](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/offline-and-online)
- [Color Grading Fundamentals](https://postproduction.studio/en/fundamentals/color-grading-fundamentals)

### Formats — codecs, containers, delivery (DCP, IMF, streaming, broadcast)

- [Resolutions And Framerates](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/resolutions-and-framerates)
- [Codecs And Containers](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/codecs-and-containers)
- [Video Compression](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/video-compression)
- [Chroma Subsampling](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/chroma-subsampling)
- [Mezzanine Formats](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/mezzanine-formats)
- [Dcp Delivery](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/dcp-delivery)
- [Imf Packages](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/imf-packages)
- [Broadcast Delivery](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/broadcast-delivery)
- [Web Streaming Delivery](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/web-streaming-delivery)
- [Loudness And Deliverables](https://postproduction.studio/en/formats/loudness-and-deliverables)

### Image — color grading, editing, VFX, monitoring, calibration

- [Color Grading Tools](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/color-grading-tools)
- [Editing Tools](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/editing-tools)
- [Vfx And Compositing Tools](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/vfx-and-compositing-tools)
- [Audio Post Tools](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/audio-post-tools)
- [Monitoring Displays](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/monitoring-displays)
- [Measurement Tools](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/measurement-tools)
- [Audio Monitoring](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/audio-monitoring)
- [Color Calibration](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/color-calibration)
- [Asset Management Tools](https://postproduction.studio/en/image/asset-management-tools)

### Sound — recording, editing, ADR, foley, mixing, mastering, spatial

- [Sound Recording](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/sound-recording)
- [Sound Editing](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/sound-editing)
- [Dialogue And Adr](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/dialogue-and-adr)
- [Foley And Soundfx](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/foley-and-soundfx)
- [Ambiences](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/ambiences)
- [Music And Licensing](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/music-and-licensing)
- [Mixing](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/mixing)
- [Mastering](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/mastering)
- [Spatial Audio](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/spatial-audio)
- [Audio Post Pipeline](https://postproduction.studio/en/sound/audio-post-pipeline)

### Workflows — pipelines, ACES, dailies, cloud, archiving, QC, festivals

- [Post Production Pipeline](https://postproduction.studio/en/workflows/post-production-pipeline)
- [Aces Workflow](https://postproduction.studio/en/workflows/aces-workflow)
- [Dailies Pipeline](https://postproduction.studio/en/workflows/dailies-pipeline)
- [Automation And Scripting](https://postproduction.studio/en/workflows/automation-and-scripting)
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## About this resource

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